加拿大国防部证实正考虑放弃F-35隐形战斗机采购

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《军事观察》杂志编辑部 2026年4月30日

加拿大国防部长戴维·麦金蒂证实，目前正在对采购88架F-35A第五代战斗机的计划进行审查，尚未给出最终决定的时间表。他还补充说，加拿大正在考虑从非美国来源采购。“对F-35采购的审查仍在进行中，”他表示，“我们正在花必要的时间非常仔细地研究战斗机机队的问题。”这项审查原计划于2025年9月左右完成，但由于公众舆论和大部分政治领导人都支持减少加拿大国防对美国的依赖，审查工作已延期。

美国空军F-35A战斗机停在阿拉斯加艾尔森空军基地

2022年3月，加拿大 选择 F-35A战斗机作为其F-18战斗机的替代机型，计划采购88架，总成本142亿美元，约合每架1.61亿美元。重启采购替代战斗机谈判的决定，主要是由于自2025年初特朗普政府执政以来，加美关系急剧恶化。然而，在启动审查之前，加拿大国防部已经支付了首批16架F-35的款项，并在2024年2月开始支付与采购另外14架F-35相关的长周期部件的款项。因此，尽管计划中的F-35采购数量可能会大幅减少，甚至可能减少到仅30架，但完全取消采购计划的可能性仍然很小。选择F-35的部分原因是美国空军已将该型战斗机部署在阿拉斯加，作为其防空力量的主力，而部署同一种战斗机将带来显著的互操作性优势。

泰国皇家空军的鹰狮D轻型战斗机

据报道，加拿大国防部于2025年4月与瑞典国防制造商萨博公司就采购第四代“鹰狮”E/F战斗机的可能性进行了谈判。然而，八个月后，国防部内部报告证实，在“未来战斗机能力项目”招标中，F-35A的评估结果显示其性能远超“鹰狮”。F-35在招标中获得了60分中的57.1分，得分高达95%，而“鹰狮”E/F仅获得19.8分，得分仅为33%。一旦应用作战标准，两者的性能差距就更加显著。这一结果与F-35潜在客户普遍倾向于选择它而非其他欧洲战机的趋势相符， 比利时、 芬兰 和 瑞士的招标结果便是例证。


GCAP战斗机艺术作品

包括加拿大第一空军师师长克里斯·麦肯纳少将在内的高级军官已 表示 强烈支持采购F-35战斗机，因为他们认为有必要对抗中国和俄罗斯的 第五代战斗机，而其他任何西方战斗机都无法提供与之匹敌的性能。F-35是目前世界上唯一在产的、符合北约标准的第五代战斗机，这使其在这方面拥有显著优势。然而，2026年4月，英国、日本和意大利被证实正在协调将加拿大纳入全球作战空中计划（GCAP）。GCAP是一项下一代战斗机计划，旨在到2035年交付一款可立即投入现役的战斗机。尽管该计划能否交付一款性能与改进型Block 4 F-35A相当的战斗机一直备受质疑，但它极有可能提供比目前可用的欧洲战斗机、鹰狮战斗机或其他欧洲战斗机更强大的替代方案。

来自圈子: Demo俱乐部

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Canadian Defense Minister David McGuinty has confirmed that a review of plans to purchase 88 F-35A fifth generation fighter aircraft is currently ongoing, with no timeline given for a final decision, adding that procurements from non-U.S. sources was under consideration. “The review of the purchase of the F-35s is continuing,” he stated, adding: “We are taking the necessary time to study very, very closely the question of the fighter fleet.” The review was originally scheduled to be concluded around September 2025, but has continued past that time, as public opinion and much of the political leadership have supported reducing reliance on the United States for Canada’s defence.

U.S. Air Force F-35A Fighter at Eielson Air Force Base in Alaska

Canada in March 2022 selected the F-35A to succeed its F-18s, with procurement of 88 fighters planned at a cost of $14.2 billion, around $161 million per aircraft. The decision to resume talks on procuring an alternative fighter type have primarily been stimulated by a sharp deterioration in relations with the United States under the Trump administration from early 2025. The Defence Ministry had already paid for its first 16 F-35s by the time the review was initiated, however, and in February 2024 initiated payments for long-lead items associated with the procurement of 14 additional F-35s. Thus while planned F-35 procurements may be reduced significantly, possibly to just 30 fighters, a total cancellation of procurement plans remains unlikely. The F-35 was selected in part due to the U.S. Air Force’s deployment of the fighters as the backbone of its air defence fleet in Alaska, with the fielding of a common fighter type providing significant interoperability advantages.

Gripen D Light Fighter in Royal Thai Air Force Service

The Canadian Defence Ministry was reported in April 2025 to be holding talks with the Swedish defence producer SAAB regarding the possible procurement of Gripen E/F fourth generation fighters. Eight months later however, internal Ministry reports confirmed that under the Future Fighter Capability Project tender, the F-35A was evaluated as being overwhelmingly superior to the Gripen. The F-35 scored 57.1 out of 60 points, a 95 percent score, in the tender, while the Gripen E/F achieved just 19.8 points, a 33 percent score, with their performances diverging particularly sharply once rated operational criteria were applied. Such an outcome remained in line with broader trends towards potential clients for the F-35 favouring it by similarly overwhelming margins over competing European aircraft, with the results of in Belgium, Finland and Switzerland being notable examples.

GCAP Fighter Artwork

Senior officers such as the commander of 1 Canadian Air Division Major General Chris McKenna have indicated strong support for procuring the F-35, due to the perceived need to be able to counter Chinese and Russian fifth generation fighters, to which no other Western fighter type can provide a peer level capability. The F-35’s position as the only NATO-compatible fifth generation fighter type in production anywhere in the world has provided it with a distinct advantage in this regard. In April 2026, however, the United Kingdom, Japan and Italy were confirmed to be coordinating plans for the inclusion of Canada in the Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP), a next generation fighter program intended to deliver a fighter ready for active service by 2035. While the program’s ability to deliver a fighter with comparable capabilities to an enhanced Block 4 F-35A has been brought to serious question, it is considered very likely to provide a much more capable alternative than the Eurofighter, Gripen or other European fighter types that are currently available.