找回密码
 注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

BCM 门户 热点追踪 动态中国 查看内容

莫言 - 首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国籍作家

2012-10-11 14:25| 发布者: Test| 查看: 344| 评论: 1|原作者: altitude

摘要: 凤凰网文化讯 瑞典学院刚刚宣布,2012年诺贝尔文学奖授予中国作家莫言。莫言成为有史以来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国籍作家。 本届诺贝尔文学奖吸引了全球文学爱好者,尤其是中国人的热烈关注。在早前的两家著名博彩 ...
中国作家莫言获得2012年诺贝尔文学奖凤凰网文化讯 瑞典学院刚刚宣布,2012年诺贝尔文学奖授予中国作家莫言。莫言成为有史以来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国籍作家。
本届诺贝尔文学奖吸引了全球文学爱好者,尤其是中国人的热烈关注。在早前的两家著名博彩公司诺奖赔率表上,中国作家莫言和日本作家村上春树分别占据头两名。
莫言(1955年2月17日- ),原名管谟业,生于山东高密县,中国当代著名作家。香港公开大学荣誉文学博士,青岛科技大学客座教授。他自1980年代中以一系列乡土作品崛起,充满着“怀乡”以及“怨乡”的复杂情感,被归类为“寻根文学”作家。其作品深受魔幻现实主义影响,写的是一出出发生在山东高密东北乡的“传奇”。莫言在他的小说中构造独特的主观感觉世界,天马行空般的叙述,陌生化的处理,塑造神秘超验的对象世界,带有明显的“先锋”色彩。

莫言的生平及其创作年表:
1955年2月17日,莫言出生于山东省高密县河崖镇平安村。1960年被家人送进村小学。1966年小学毕业以后,因家庭成分是富裕中农,也因得罪一农村代表,莫言被剥夺了继续上中学的权利,只能在家务农,成为一名公社小社员。
1967年,莫言十二岁,在水利工地旁,因饥饿难耐,偷拔了生产队一根红萝卜,被押送到工地后专门为其召开了一次批斗会,他在毛主席像前痛哭流涕,申明自己再也不敢了,回家后遭到父亲的毒打。这个惨痛的记忆,被莫言写成中篇小说《透明的红萝卜》和短篇小说《枯河》
1973年莫言参加挖掘胶菜运河成为农民工,后来又到棉纺厂任司傍员并成为棉纺产夜校的语文老师。1976年,历尽波折的莫言终于参军成功,时年21岁。
1979年7月,莫言回老家结婚。而后苦经调任却提干无望。在同事的帮助下成为一名受学生欢迎的政治课老师。1987年秋,他在《莲池》杂志第5期发表了处女作--短篇小说《春夜雨霏霏》。同年,女儿管笑笑出生。1982年在《莲池》杂志又发表短篇《丑兵》和《为了孩子》后被破格提干,调到延庆当干事。
1983年发表短篇小说《民间音乐》受到孙犁赏识,赞其有空灵之感。
1984年在《长城》杂志第2期、第5期分别发表了短篇《岛上的风》和中篇《雨中的河》,在《解放军文艺》第七期发表了短篇《黑沙滩》。同年,莫言得到著名作家徐怀中的赏识,成为解放军艺术学院文学系的第一届学生。
1985年,莫言30岁。在《中国作家》第二期发表中篇小说《透明的红萝卜》引起反响,《中国作家》组织在京的作家与评论家举行讨论会讨论该作。同年,在《收获》第五期发表中篇《球状闪电》,在《钟山》第一期发表中篇《金发婴儿》,在《人民文学》第十二期发表中篇《爆炸》,并在多家刊物发表短篇小说《枯河》、《老枪》、《白狗秋千架》、《大风》、《三匹马》、《秋水》等多篇。
1986年,小说集《透明的红萝卜》由作家出版社出版 。
《人民文学》第三期发表中篇《红高粱》获得第四届全国中篇小说奖。随后发表系列中篇《高粱酒》、《高粱殡》、《狗道》、《奇死》,同时还发表《筑路》,短篇《草鞋窨子》、《苍蝇门牙》等。同年夏,张艺谋找到莫言洽谈购买《红高粱》改编电影版权事宜,莫言与陈剑雨、朱伟合作将其改编为电影版文学剧本。
1987年,长篇《红高粱家族》由解放军文艺出版社出版。于2000年被《亚洲周刊》选为20世纪中文小说100强。而其后发表的中篇《欢乐》、《红蝗》受到恶评。1988年,电影《红高粱》获西柏坡第38届电影节金熊奖,  同年在《十月杂志》发表长篇《天堂蒜薹之歌》,同年4月,由作家出版社出版单行本。他还发表了《复仇记》、《马驹横穿沼泽》。同年秋,山东大学、山东师范大学在高密联合召开"莫言创作研讨会",由关论文汇编成《莫言研究资料》。9月,莫言考入北师大创作研究生班。小说集《爆炸》由解放军文艺出版社出版。
1989年,莫言34岁,出访西德。第一次走出国门。同年三月,在短片《白狗秋千架》获台湾联合报小说奖。据此改编的电影《暖》获得第16届东京电影节金麒麟奖。4月,中短篇小说集《欢乐十三章》由作家出版社出版。6月发表中篇小说《你的行为使我恐惧》。冬天,开始创作长篇小说《酒国》。
1990年,他在《花城》杂志发表中篇《父亲在民夫连里》。1991年创作中篇《白棉花》、《战友重逢》、《怀抱鲜花的女人》、《红耳朵》;去新加坡和马来西亚参加文学活动;暑假创作了《神镖》、《夜渔》、《鱼市》、《翱翔》等短篇。同年,莫言与朋友合作创作了六集电视连续剧《哥哥们的青春往事》,由河南电影制片场摄制。
1992年创作中篇《幽默与趣味》、《模式与原型》、《梦境与杂种》。
1993年先后出版了长篇《酒园》、《食草家族》,中篇集《怀抱鲜花的女人》,短篇集《神聊》。1994年莫言母亲于山东高密县去世,它直接催生莫言要写一部小说献给母亲的念头。
1995年,莫言40岁,创作长篇《丰乳肥臀》,出版五卷本《莫言文集》。小说的发表引起了巨大的争议,把莫言推到风口浪尖。1996年由莫言编剧的影片《太阳有耳》获第46届柏林电影节银熊奖,同年,《丰乳肥臀》停印。
1997年,他与人合作创作话剧《霸王别姬》。离开军队,到最高人民检察院《检查日报》工作。《丰乳肥臀》获首届"大家红河文学奖",奖金十万元。
1998年,在《东海》杂志第六期发表中篇《牛》,在《收获》第六期发表中篇《三十年前的一场长跑比赛》,发表短篇《拇指拷》、《长安大道上的骑驴美人》、《白杨林的战斗》、《一批倒挂在杏树上的狼》、《蝗虫奇谈》、出版散文集《会唱歌的墙》。十八集电视连续剧《红树林》由检查日报影视部设置完成。
1999年,在《收获》第2期发表中篇《师傅愈来愈幽默》、在《花城》第1期发表短篇《我们的七叔》,在《收获》第4期发表中篇《野驴子》。在海天出版社出版社长篇《红树林》,小说集《长安大道上的骑驴美人》,在解放军文艺出版社出版《师傅愈来愈幽默》。
2000年,莫言45岁,在《收获》第1期发表中篇《司令的女人》,在《上海文学》第11期发表短篇《冰雪美人》。长篇《酒园》再版,在南海出版社出版。《莫言短篇小说》(1-3卷)由上海文艺出版社出版,《莫言散文》由浙江文艺出版社出版。
2001年,长篇《檀香刑》由作家出版社出版, 出版后引起了文学界的再度热议,后获得台湾联合2001年十大妇女书。在《山花》第一期发表短篇《倒立》,获第二届冯牧文学奖。长篇《酒园》获得法国儒尔·巴泰雍外国文学奖。
2002年他与阎连科合作长篇《良心作证》,由春风文艺出版社出版,中篇《扫帚星》在《布老虎中篇小说春之卷》发表。长篇小说集、小说、散文集《红高粱家族》、《酒园》、《拇指拷》、《清醒的说梦者》、《罪过》、《师父愈来愈幽默》、透明的红萝卜》在山东出版社出版,散文集《清醒的说梦者》,《什么气味最美好》分别由山东文艺出版社和海南出版社出版。长篇《檀香刑》获首届"钧文学奖"。
2003年,长篇《四十一炮》由春风文艺出版社出版,获第2届华语文学传媒大奖年度杰出成就奖,并入围第7届茅盾文学奖。同年获香港公开大学荣誉文学博士学位。在《收获》第五期发表短篇《木匠与狗》。散文集《小说的气味》在春风文艺出版社出版,散文集《写给父亲的信》、小说集《藏宝图》也出版与此。
2004年,莫言先后获法兰西文化艺术骑士勋章和"华语文学传媒大奖年度杰出成就奖"
2005年,莫言获第三十届意大利NONINO国际文学奖。
2006年在作家出版社出版长篇《生死疲劳》并于2008年获第2届红楼梦奖首奖。散文集《北海道随笔》在上海文艺出版社出版,获第17届福冈亚洲文化大奖。2007年,散文全集《说吧,莫言》在海天出版社出版。
2009年12月,出版长篇小说《蛙》,于2011年8月获第八届茅盾文学奖。

相关文章:谈谈我来加拿大以后的心理变化
主要国家的诺贝尔获奖次数排名
三科学家分享诺贝尔物理奖 改变人类对宇宙认识
3位科学家分享2011年诺贝尔物理学奖


鲜花

握手

雷人

路过

鸡蛋

相关阅读

发表评论

最新评论

引用 MySense 2012-10-11 14:07
本帖最后由 MySense 于 2012-10-11 14:08 编辑

Novelist, the first ever Chinese literature Nobel laureate, praised for 'hallucinatory realism'

The winner of the 2012 Nobel prize for literature is announced at the Swedish Academy in Stockholm Link to this video

Chinese author Mo Yan, who left school for a life working the fields at the age of 12, has become the first Chinese citizen ever to win the Nobel prize in literature, praised by the Swedish Academy for merging "folk tales, history and the contemporary" with "hallucinatory realism".

The win makes Mo Yan the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel in its 111-year history: although Gao Xingjian won in 2000, and was born in China, he is now a French citizen; and although Pearl Buck took the prize in 1938, for "her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces", she is an American author.

The Nobel, worth eight million kronor, goes to the writer "who shall have produced in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction", with previous winners including Samuel Beckett, Doris Lessing and, last year, the Swedish poet Tomas Tranströmer. Over the past month the Chinese press has become increasingly vocal about the possibility of a Chinese writer taking the award, with commentors equating "bagging the prize to Chinese literature gaining the world's recognition".

With the Nobel going to a European seven times in the last decade, all evidence was pointing to a winner from outside Europe, and Japanese novelist Haruki Murakami emerged as the frontrunner at betting firm Ladbrokes. Mo Yan, at 9/1, "definitely slipped under the radar", said the firm's spokesman Alex Donohue.

Born in 1955 to parents who were farmers, Mo Yan - a pseudonym for Guan Moye; the pen name means "don't speak" - grew up in Gaomi in Shandong province in north-eastern China. The cultural revolution forced him to leave school at 12, and he went to work in the fields, completing his education in the army. He published his first book in 1981, but found literary success in 1987 with Hong gaoliang jiazu (Red Sorghum), a novel that an internationally successful movie by director Zhang Yimou, set against the horrific events that unfolded as Japan invaded China in the 1930s.

"He writes about the peasantry, about life in the countryside, about people struggling to survive, struggling for their dignity, sometimes winning but most of the time losing," said permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy Peter Englund, announcing the win. "The basis for his books was laid when as a child he listened to folktales. The description magical realism has been used about him, but I think that is belittling him – this isn't something he's picked up from Gabriel García Márquez, but something which is very much his own. With the supernatural going in to the ordinary, he's an extremely original narrator."

Informing Mo Yan of his win today, Englund said the author, who was at the home in China where he lives with his 90-year-old father – was "overjoyed and scared".

Nicky Harman, a Chinese translator and lecturer at Imperial College, London, hailed Mo Yan's win as "amazing" news. "He's a great writer and will now be better known. That's good news for all Chinese writers, because it will bring English readers a bit closer," she said. "I'm sure they will be deliriously happy in China. He's very well thought of there."

SOAS professor of Chinese Michel Hockx, who knows Mo Yan personally, said the author was probably the most translated living Chinese writer, "very well known, very respected [and] although he's had his spats with the literary censors ... generally speaking not regarded as politically sensitive".


Hockx dismissed criticism from China that the author is "too close to the establishment to merit the Nobel". "I don't like the idea that Chinese writers are only good if they challenge the government – a good writer is a good writer. It's not a good yard stick of anything; are the only good British writers the ones who speak out against the war?" he said. "Choosing a dissident is the safe choice [for the Nobel committee] – to choose an author with a strong literary reputation, because of the strength and power of his work, is a very brave choice."

Speaking to Granta earlier this year, Mo Yan – one of a group of Chinese writers to travel to the UK for the London Book Fair – said that avoiding censorship was a matter of subtlety. "Many approaches to literature have political bearings, for example in our real life there might be some sharp or sensitive issues that they do not wish to touch upon. At such a juncture a writer can inject their own imagination to isolate them from the real world or maybe they can exaggerate the situation – making sure it is bold, vivid and has the signature of our real world. So, actually I believe these limitations or censorship is great for literature creation," he said.
Mo Yan, according to Hockx, "knows how to write a good story", filling his tales of remote communities "with a magical atmosphere, without shying away from the harsh and sometimes violent realities that he has witnessed". His 1996 novel Fengru feitun, translated into English as Big Breasts and Wide Hips in 2004, starts with the story of Xuan'er, six months old in 1900 when she is abandoned in a vat of flour, and follows her family's life through the war with Japan and the cultural revolution. Wa (Frog), Mo Yan's most recent novel, tells of the consequences of the single-child policy implemented in China through the story of a rural gynaecologist.

"He expertly handles the use of local language and dialect, and as his career progressed he became increasingly experimental with his narration, to the extent that he once even made himself a character in one of his novels," said Hockx. "All his novels create unique individual realities, quite different from the political stories that were told about the countryside in the Maoist years, when Mo Yan grew up."

The eminent professor of Chinese literature Howard Goldblatt, who has translated many of Mo Yan's works into English, compared the author's writing to Dickens in a recent interview with China Daily, saying that both write "big, bold works with florid, imagistic, powerful writing and a strong moral core".

Goldblatt said that the author's satirical novel Jiuguo (The Republic of Wine) "may be the most technically innovative and sophisticated novel from China I've read", while his Shengsi pilao (Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out) is "a brilliant extended fable", and Tanxiangxing (Sandalwood Death) "is, as the author contends, musical in its beauty".

Alison Flood  guardian.co.uk, Thursday 11 October 2012 12.38 BST


查看全部评论(1)

手机版|小黑屋|BC Morning Website ( Best Deal Inc. 001 )

GMT-8, 2026-4-11 06:04 , Processed in 0.021828 second(s), 23 queries .

Supported by Weloment Group X3.5

© 2008-2026 Best Deal Online

返回顶部